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- 2020-4-28
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linux 下tar 命令所有参数帮助文档2 @1 G7 _& Z$ L7 d ?
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- [root@localhost]# tar --help
- Usage: tar [OPTION...] [FILE]...
- GNU `tar' saves many files together into a single tape or disk archive, and can
- restore individual files from the archive.
- Examples:
- tar -cf archive.tar foo bar # Create archive.tar from files foo and bar.
- tar -tvf archive.tar # List all files in archive.tar verbosely.
- tar -xf archive.tar # Extract all files from archive.tar.
- Main operation mode:
- -A, --catenate, --concatenate append tar files to an archive
- -c, --create create a new archive
- -d, --diff, --compare find differences between archive and file system
- --delete delete from the archive (not on mag tapes!)
- -r, --append append files to the end of an archive
- -t, --list list the contents of an archive
- -u, --update only append files newer than copy in archive
- -x, --extract, --get extract files from an archive
- Operation modifiers:
- -g, --listed-incremental=FILE handle new GNU-format incremental backup
- -G, --incremental handle old GNU-format incremental backup
- --ignore-failed-read do not exit with nonzero on unreadable files
- -k, --keep-old-files don't replace existing files when extracting
- --keep-newer-files don't replace existing files that are newer than
- their archive copies
- --no-overwrite-dir preserve metadata of existing directories
- -n, --seek Archive is seekable
- --occurrence[=NUMBER] process only the NUMth occurrence of each file in
- the archive. This option is valid only in
- conjunction with one of the subcommands --delete,
- --diff, --extract or --list and when a list of
- files is given either on the command line or via
- -T option. NUMBER defaults to 1.
- --overwrite overwrite existing files when extracting
- -O, --to-stdout extract files to standard output
- --recursive-unlink empty hierarchies prior to extracting directory
- --remove-files remove files after adding them to the archive
- -S, --sparse handle sparse files efficiently
- -U, --unlink-first remove each file prior to extracting over it
- -W, --verify attempt to verify the archive after writing it
- Handling of file attributes:
- --acls Save the ACLs to the archive
- --atime-preserve don't change access times on dumped files
- --group=NAME force NAME as group for added files
- --mode=CHANGES force (symbolic) mode CHANGES for added files
- -m, --touch don't extract file modified time
- --no-acls Don't extract the ACLs from the archive
- --no-same-owner extract files as yourself
- --no-same-permissions do not extract permissions information
- --no-selinux Don't extract the SELinux context from the archive
- --no-xattrs Don't extract the user/root xattrs from the
- archive
- --numeric-owner always use numbers for user/group names
- --owner=NAME force NAME as owner for added files
- -p, --preserve-permissions, --same-permissions
- extract permissions information
- --preserve same as both -p and -s
- --same-owner try extracting files with the same ownership
- -s, --preserve-order, --same-order
- sort names to extract to match archive
- --selinux Save the SELinux context to the archive
- --xattrs Save the user/root xattrs to the archive
- Device selection and switching:
- -f, --file=ARCHIVE use archive file or device ARCHIVE
- --force-local archive file is local even if has a colon
- -F, --info-script=NAME, --new-volume-script=NAME
- run script at end of each tape (implies -M)
- -L, --tape-length=NUMBER change tape after writing NUMBER x 1024 bytes
- -M, --multi-volume create/list/extract multi-volume archive
- --rmt-command=COMMAND use given rmt COMMAND instead of rmt
- --rsh-command=COMMAND use remote COMMAND instead of rsh
- --volno-file=FILE use/update the volume number in FILE
- Device blocking:
- -b, --blocking-factor=BLOCKS BLOCKS x 512 bytes per record
- -B, --read-full-records reblock as we read (for 4.2BSD pipes)
- -i, --ignore-zeros ignore zeroed blocks in archive (means EOF)
- --record-size=NUMBER SIZE bytes per record, multiple of 512
- Archive format selection:
- -H, --format=FORMAT create archive of the given format.
- FORMAT is one of the following:
- gnu GNU tar 1.13.x format
- oldgnu GNU format as per tar <= 1.12
- pax POSIX 1003.1-2001 (pax) format
- posix Same as pax
- ustar POSIX 1003.1-1988 (ustar) format
- v7 old V7 tar format
- -j, --bzip2 filter the archive through bzip2
- --old-archive, --portability
- same as --format=v7
- --pax-option=keyword[[:]=value][,keyword[[:]=value], ...]
- control pax keywords
- --posix same as --format=posix
- --use-compress-program=PROG
- filter through PROG (must accept -d)
- -V, --label=TEXT create archive with volume name NAME. At
- list/extract time, use TEXT as a globbing pattern
- -z, --gzip, --gunzip, --ungzip filter the archive through gzip
- -Z, --compress, --uncompress filter the archive through compress
- Local file selection:
- --after-date=DATE same as -N
- --anchored exclude patterns match file name start
- --backup[=CONTROL] backup before removal, choose version CONTROL
- -C, --directory=DIR change to directory DIR
- --exclude=PATTERN exclude files, given as a PATTERN
- --exclude-caches exclude directories containing a cache tag
- -h, --dereference dump instead the files symlinks point to
- --ignore-case exclusion ignores case
- -K, --starting-file=MEMBER-NAME
- begin at member MEMBER-NAME in the archive
- --newer-mtime=DATE compare date and time when data changed only
- --no-anchored exclude patterns match after any / (default)
- --no-ignore-case exclusion is case sensitive (default)
- --no-recursion avoid descending automatically in directories
- --no-wildcards exclude patterns are plain strings
- --no-wildcards-match-slash exclude pattern wildcards do not match '/'
- --null -T reads null-terminated names, disable -C
- -N, --newer=DATE-OR-FILE only store files newer than DATE-OR-FILE
- --one-file-system stay in local file system when creating archive
- -P, --absolute-names don't strip leading `/'s from file names
- --recursion recurse into directories (default)
- --strip-components=NUMBER strip NUMBER leading components from file
- names
- --suffix=STRING backup before removal, override usual suffix ('~'
- unless overridden by environment variable
- SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX
- -T, --files-from=FILE-OF-NAMES get names to extract or create from file
- NAME
- --wildcards exclude patterns use wildcards (default)
- --wildcards-match-slash exclude pattern wildcards match '/' (default)
- -X, --exclude-from=FILE exclude patterns listed in FILE
- Informative output:
- --checkpoint display progress messages every 10th record
- -v, --verbose verbosely list files processed
- --check-links print a message if not all links are dumped
- --index-file=FILE send verbose output to FILE
- -R, --block-number show block number within archive with each
- message
- --show-defaults Show tar defaults
- --show-omitted-dirs When listing or extracting, list each directory
- that does not match search criteria
- --totals print total bytes written while creating archive
- --utc print file modification dates in UTC
- -w, --interactive, --confirmation
- ask for confirmation for every action
- Compatibility options:
- --allow-name-mangling when creating, allow GNUTYPE_NAMES mangling --
- considered dangerous
- -o when creating, same as --old-archive. When
- extracting, same as --no-same-owner
- Other options:
- -?, --help Give this help list
- --license Print license and exit
- --usage Give a short usage message
- --version Print program version
- Mandatory or optional arguments to long options are also mandatory or optional
- for any corresponding short options.
- The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
- The version control may be set with --backup or VERSION_CONTROL, values are:
- t, numbered make numbered backups
- nil, existing numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise
- never, simple always make simple backups
- *This* tar defaults to:
- --format=gnu -f- -b20 --rmt-command=/sbin/rmt --rsh-command=/usr/bin/rsh
- Report bugs to bug-tar@gnu.org.
-
- [root@localhost]#
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